Power BI Cumulative Sum Steps to Build Insights

If you’re a business (or data) analyst, you’ve probably come across the cumulative sum. The cumulative sum is the cumulative total of a series of values like revenue (or sales) over a period of time.

Cumulative sums play a vital role in a variety of contexts like financial reporting and trend analysis. Using cumulative sum, you can easily track progress and identify patterns in your data.

This guide will help fully understand what the Power BI cumulative sum is, why you should use the cumulative sum in Power BI, and the importance of using Power BI running total.

Table of Contents:

1. What is a Power BI Cumulative Sum?
2. Why Use Cumulative Sum in Power BI?
3. How Do You Calculate the Running Total in Power BI?
4. How to Evaluate and Visualize Cumulative Sum in Power BI?
5. How to Create Custom Visualizations in Power BI?
6. What are the Tips and Tricks for Using Power BI Cumulative Sum?
7. Wrap Up

First…

What is a Power BI Cumulative Sum?

Power BI cumulative sum is the running total of a measure across a specified order, and it’s based on the date or a specific column. It reflects the sum of values accumulated over time (or within a defined grouping).

DAX is used to create a cumulative sum in Power BI. You’ll have to take advantage of functions like CALCULATE, SUM, and FILTER. For instance:

CumulativeSales = CALCULATE(SUM(’Sales’[Amount]),FILTER(ALL(’Calendar’),’Calendar’[Date] ← MAX(’Calendar’[Date]))).

Here:

• SUM(‘Sales'[Amount]) calculates the sum of the sales amount.
• FILTER(ALL(’Calendar’), ‘Calendar’[Date] ← MAX(’Calendar’[Date])) filters the dates up to the current date.
• CALCULATE applies the filter context, and the result is the cumulative sum.

Why Use Cumulative Sum in Power BI?

Using a cumulative sum (also known as a running total) in Power BI provides a powerful way to analyze and visualize data over time or across categories. Here are some key reasons to use it:

• Trend Analysis: Cumulative sums help visualize the overall trend of a measure over time. It plays a vital role in identifying patterns, growth, or decline in the data.
• Progress Tracking: Cumulative sums are often used to track progress towards a target or goal. It’s common in scenarios where you want to monitor how a particular measure accumulates over time.
• Comparative Analysis: The Power BI cumulative sum by date helps users to compare the total accumulated values across multiple periods. This will, in turn, help the user identify trends (or anomalies) in a report such as the cost of living comparison by city.
• Seasonal Patterns: When working with data with seasonal variations, the cumulative sum highlights how values accumulate during specific seasons and also reveals annual trends or cycles.
• Customer Lifetime Value (CLV): In cases related to customer lifetime value (CLV) analysis, cumulative sums are used to calculate and analyze the cumulative spending (or engagement) of customers over their lifetime, providing insights into customer behavior and long-term value.

How Do You Calculate the Running Total in Power BI?

To calculate the running total (or cumulative sum) in Power BI, you typically use DAX (Data Analysis Expressions) in either a calculated column or a measure. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

1. Launch the Power BI Desktop, and open the Power BI file (or connect to the data source).
2. Load your data into the Power BI.
3. Navigate to the Fields pane on the right. Right-click on the table you want to create the running total.
4. Choose “New Measure” from the context menu.
5. In the formula bar, use the SUM function (and appropriate filtering conditions) to enter the DAX formula. Here’s the basic example for a running total of the “Amount” column in the “Sales” table:

CumulativeSales= CALCULATE(SUM(’Sales’[Amount]),FILTER(ALL(’Calendar’),’Calendar’[Date] ← MAX(’Calendar’[Date])))

The formula calculates the running total of the “Amount” column. It sums the values where the date is less than (or equal) to the maximum date in the current context.

1. After entering the formula, press “Enter” to apply the formula to the new measure.
2. The new measure (like “CumulativeSales”) will appear in the Fields pane. Drag and drop it into the report (or visualization) to see the running total in action.

How to Evaluate and Visualize Cumulative Sum in Power BI?

Evaluating a cumulative sum in Power BI involves creating a DAX measure using the CALCULATE and FILTER functions. Use data visualizations like line charts (or stacked column charts) to display the cumulative growth or total over time. This helps in enhancing data analysis and decision-making.

Example:

If you want the CUM Sales for the data below:

You’ll have to select New Quick Measure. After that, navigate to Totals —> Running total to create this:

Returns:

How to Create Custom Visualizations in Power BI?

Stage 1: Log into Power BI, enter your email, and click “Submit.”

• Log in to Power BI.
• Enter your email address and click the “Submit” button.

• You are redirected to your Microsoft account.
• Enter your password and click “Sign in“.

• You can choose whether to stay signed in.

• Once done, the Power BI home screen will open.

Stage 2: Create a Data Set and Select the Data Set to Use in the Sankey Chart

• Go to the left-side menu and click the “Create” button.
• Select “Paste or manually enter data“.

• We’ll use the sample data below for this example.

Total Cost	Company Type	Company Name	Expertise Categories	Expertise	Cost
Total Cost	Subcontractor	Skyline Contractors	Mechanical Installation	Plumbing & Heating	15456
Total Cost	Subcontractor	Skyline Contractors	Mechanical Installation	Mechanical Work	10159
Total Cost	Subcontractor	Onyx General Contractors	Mechanical Installation	Plumbing & Heating	18045
Total Cost	Subcontractor	Onyx General Contractors	Mechanical Installation	Mechanical Work	12695
Total Cost	Subcontractor	Living Well Remodeling	Mechanical Installation	Plumbing & Heating	14589
Total Cost	Subcontractor	Living Well Remodeling	Mechanical Installation	Welding	11456
Total Cost	Supplier	Power-up Builders	Raw Material	Cement	20561
Total Cost	Supplier	Power-up Builders	Raw Material	Steel	32456
Total Cost	Supplier	Five-star Construction	Raw Material	Bricks	10253
Total Cost	Supplier	Five-star Construction	Raw Material	Timber	9000

• Paste the data table above into the “Power Query” window. After that, select the “Create a dataset only” option.

• Navigate to the left-side menu, and click on the “Data Hub” option. Power BI will populate the data set list. If no data set has been created, you’ll get an error message.

• Choose the data set you want to use in the Sankey diagram. After that, you’ll see Power BI populate the screen as shown below.

• Click on the “Create a report” dropdown. Next, select “Start from scratch.”

• A Report Canvas, similar to the one below will appear on your screen.

Stage 3: Add the Power BI Sankey Diagram Extension by ChartExpo

• To create the Sankey Diagram, you’ll have to use an add-in or the Power BI visual from AppSource. Navigate to the right side of the Power BI dashboard, and open the Power BI Visualizations panel. Next, click the ellipsis symbol (…) to import the Power BI Sankey Diagram extension by ChartExpo.

• When the menu opens, select the “Get more visuals” option.

• In the following window that opens, enter “Sankey Diagram for Power BI by ChartExpo” in the highlighted search box. You’ll see the “Sankey Diagram for Power BI by ChartExpo.”

• Click the highlighted “Add” button.

• Power BI will add the “Sankey Diagram for Power BI by ChartExpo” icon in the visualization panel.

Stage 4: Draw a Sankey Diagram with ChartExpo’s Power BI extension

• To do that, select the “Sankey Diagram for Power BI by ChartExpo” icon in the visualization panel. After that, a window similar to the one below will open in the report section of your dashboard.

• You have the option to resize the visual. Moving on, navigate to the right side of the Power BI dashboard, and look out for “Fields” next to “Visualizations.”

• Follow the sequence below when selecting the fields to use in the Sankey chart.
  • Total Cost
  • Company Type
  • Company Name
  • Expertise Categories
  • Expertise
  • Cost

• You’ll have to provide your email address or ChartExpo license key.

Stage 5: Activate the ChartExpo Trial or Apply a Subscription Key

• Select the ChartExpo visual. You’ll see three icons below “Build Visual” in the Visualizations panel.

• Select the middle icon, “Format visual.” After that, the visual properties will be populated.

• As a new user, you’ll have to enter your email address in the textbox under the “Trial Mode” section. The license key will be sent to the email upon subscription. Toggle “Enable Trial’ to activate the 7-day trial.

• The Sankey Diagram you create under the 7-day trial comes with the ChartExpo watermark.

• Enter the license key in the “ChartExpo License Key” textbox in the “License Settings” section. After that, slide the toggle switch next to “Enable License” to “On.”

• The Sankey diagram should be ready. It does not come with a watermark.

• To add a Prefix (like the $ sign) with the numeric values in the chart, you’ll have to expand the “Stats” properties. After that, include the Prefix value.

• To add colors to each node, expand the “Level Colors” properties and select the colors.

• The changes will be saved automatically.

Insights

• At Level 1 (Total Cost), the procurement cost is $155K.
• At Level 2 (Company Type), out of the $155K cost, $82.4K (53.3%) was spent on subcontractors, while $72.3K (46.7%) was allocated to the supplier.
• At Level 3 (Company Name), the supplier cost of $72.3K was divided between two companies: Five-star Construction and Power-up Builder, with charges of $19.3K and $53.0K, respectively.
• The subcontractor cost of $82.4K was distributed among three companies: Onyx General Contractors, Skyline Contractors, and Living Well Remodeling. They charged $30.7K, $25.6K, and $26.0K, respectively, for their services.

Revolutionize Data Flow in Power BI Cumulative Sum Using Graphs:

1. Open your Power BI Desktop or Web.
2. From the Power BI Visualizations pane, expand three dots at the bottom and select “Get more visuals”.
3. Search for “Sankey Chart by ChartExpo” on the AppSource.
4. Add the custom visual.
5. Select your data and configure the chart settings to create the chart.
6. Customize your chart properties to add header, axis, legends, and other required information.
7. Share the chart with your audience.

The following video will help you create a Sankey Chart in Microsoft Power BI.

What are the Tips and Tricks for Using Power BI Cumulative Sum?

Using Power BI cumulative sums effectively requires leveraging DAX, proper visualization practices, and smart data modeling. Here are some tips and tricks to help you make the most out of cumulative sums in Power BI:

• Understand the Data Model: Familiarize yourself with the Power BI data model. A good grasp of the data model will help you create meaningful and accurate cumulative sums, ensuring that your calculations reflect the true relationships and structure of your data.
• Use Time Intelligence Functions: Take advantage of the built-in time business intelligence functions like TOTALMTD, TOTALYTD, or TOTALQTD for cumulative sums over different periods. These functions simplify calculations for year-to-date, quarter-to-date, or month-to-date totals.
• Consider Sorting and Filtering: Your data should be properly sorted and filtered using filters in Power BI for the cumulative sum calculation. This becomes particularly important when you’re dealing with time-based data, as it ensures accurate and meaningful results.
• Optimize Performance: You need to optimize the performance of the cumulative sum calculations by using DAX variables. Avoid unnecessary iterations and ensure that the DAX formulas are efficient, improving the overall calculation speed and accuracy.

FAQs

How do you find the cumulative sum in Power BI?

To find the cumulative sum in Power BI, you’ll have to create a new measure using DAX. For instance, CumulativeSales = CALCULATE(SUM(’Sales’[Amount]), FILTER(ALL(’Sales’), ‘Sales’[Date] ← MAX(’Sales’[Date]))).

How do you add a cumulative line in Power BI?

To add a cumulative line in Power BI, create a line chart with a date field on the axis. Use a cumulative sum measure, like CumulativeSales = TOTALYTD(SUM(’Sales’[Amount]), ‘Sales’[Date]).

Wrap Up

Power BI cumulative sums are used to track running totals over time. That helps to reveal trends, progress towards goals, and overall patterns.

To get the most out of Power BI cumulative sums, you’ll have to follow DAX patterns and best practices. This will enable you to write efficient and maintainable cumulative sum formulas. You should also consider using variables, and avoid unnecessary recalculations. Always organize your code for clarity.

Furthermore, you have to verify the accuracy of your cumulative sum calculations. That can be done by performing manual checks or comparing results with known values. This way, your calculations will align with your expectations.

Data (and business) analysts who combine cumulative sums with other relevant metrics will most likely have a comprehensive view of their data. This will, in turn, enhance the insights gained from the analysis.

Now you know how to create a cumulative sum using DAX in Power BI, what kind of visualization will you be using to represent your data?